ABSTRACT
Background: To describe characteristics of COVID-19 infection among patients requiring admission to pediatric intensive care units (PICU) in the USA. Method(s): Observational surveillance study of COVID-19 infected patients admitted to PICUs in 27 US states between April 1, 2020 - May 1, 2021. Result(s): Four hundred fifty-three patients were included;the majority were from institutions in the South and Midwest regions (40% and 34%). The population was mainly male (57%) and Hispanic (36%), with a median age of 10 years (IQR 4-15). 76% had 1 or more comorbidity. Patient's or caregiver's reported sources for COVID-19 infection were household and community contacts (31% and 24%). One hundred sixty-seven (40%) individuals were diagnosed with the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MISC) within 7 days of PICU admission. Compared to COVID-19 cases without MISC, gastrointestinal, mucocutaneous, and neurological signs and symptoms were more frequent at PICU admission. Nasal cannula (20%) and high-flow oxygen (12.4%) were the most common respiratory support strategies at day 1 of admission, and mechanical ventilation by day 7. Overall, 104 (23%) and 8 (1.8%) individuals were placed on mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) within the interval of observation. Steroids and remdesivir were the most delivered COVID-19 targeted therapies (60% and 33%), and only 3% of the patients received convalescent plasma;IVIG (86.8%) and anakinra (61%) were commonly used among individuals with MISC. The overall mortality proportion (MP) was 2.65 (n= 12), and mortality was more frequent among individuals > 2 years old. Of the 167 children with MISC, only 1 died, MP (0.6). Conclusion(s): Mortality associated with pediatric COVID-19 infection is less frequent than in critically ill COVID-19-infected adults. Among pediatric/ adolescent patients, children > 2 years are the most vulnerable to adverse COVID-19-associated outcomes. MISC cases were frequent, yet mortality was low.
ABSTRACT
The proper use of information technology (IT) in Universities during the Covid-19 pandemic has been of vital importance, so it is necessary to generate a methodological-technological proposal that serves as a guide to meet the needs of educational programs and users (students, teachers, and administrative staff) who work from home. The present research presents an exploratory, descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional study composed of (1) review of the literature, (2) application of a survey, (3) study of information reliability (Cronbach's alpha), (4) study of correlations (Pearson’s bivariate) and (5) proposed solution. Generating an analysis of different Universities in Mexico and identifying how they are attending the educational processes and the technological tools they use. Based on the above, a methodological-technological proposal is presented based on resilience. It provides access to information and digitization of the educational processes of any university, which helps users adapt to the new hybrid environment achieving an acceptable level of digital maturity at all levels. In addition, it provides a set of technological options that the user can implement and select the most appropriate based on the needs of their academic processes, integrating academics, students, administrators, and those responsible for the computer centers through a single digital platform and with a single username and password. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.